Required airflow at 28 in/H2O = HP/ # of cylinders/0.257 Apparently at least one of these engines survives under the hood of an engineer's personal Pontiac. Crank: Original '64 421 However, compression ratios were cut dramatically, marking the beginning of the end of the muscle car era. According to the engineers who worked on the project, the SOHC 421 engines produced around 625hp and were capable of turning 7,000 rpm. The main upgrade for the engine was the ESC, (Electronic Spark Control)[15] which provided slightly more power at 170hp (127kW) with 4.9L (299cuin) for the 19801981 model years. On premium fuel, it was rated at 207 hp at 5200 rpm and . It is a known fact that a person's pupils dilate slightly when viewing something pleasant to the eyes. Engine Specifications. Pontiac's V8s share the same 6.625in (168.3mm) connecting rod length, with the exceptions of the later short deck 301, 265, and 303 Ram Air V. Most Pontiac V8s had an overall length (to the edge of the water pump pulley) of 28.25in (718mm), an overall width of 27in (690mm), and a height (not including air cleaner) of 31in (790mm). For 1956 the V8 was bored out to 3.9375in (100.01mm), increasing displacement to 316.6cuin (5.2L). ][citation needed] T, While the exact total number of Ram Air V engines produced is not positively known, only about 25 303cuin (5.0L) engines were produced and about a dozen 428s and 366s. A set of Hooker Super Comp headers will be used on the dyno, and Jim is porting the stock heads to increase intake-port flow by 30 cfm. The 455 HO package was only available to late model year Pontiac Firebird Trans Am's, and was mandatory with a 4-speed transmission. Pontiac still offered the regular 455 (RPO L75) in its full sized cars, and after a negative public reaction for dropping the 455 engine, it was re-introduced mid-year as an available option for the 1975 Pontiac Trans Am. Rings: LPC (Liberty Performance Components) premium moly, standard tension Engine block and cylinder heads were cast at Saginaw Metal Casting Operations then assembled at Tonawanda Engine before delivery to Pontiac Assembly for installation. 3.75. The Ram Air IV replaced the Ram Air II in 1969. For '65, the 421-cid V-8 became a standard part of the option package, and for '66, Pontiac made the 2+2 a separate model, still based on the Catalina two-door hardtop or convertible.Flamboyantly styled and expansively proportioned, the 2+2 was unbeatable for sheer presence. Starting at the bottom, Jim will employ lighter and stronger parts in the reciprocating assembly, as evidenced by the choice of Howards billet rods and forged Icon pistons. Most Pontiac engines were painted light blue. The V8 was phased out in 1981, replaced by GM "corporate engines" such as the Chevrolet 305 cu in small block V8. Since the story of this 421 is better told in pictures, follow along as we take you on this exciting journey! The 1958 370" engine and the 195960 389 version was named the "Tempest" V-8 and changed in 61 to the "Trophy" V8. The W72 301 was a tuned L37 301 Pontiac V8 with some minor upgrades. Once corrected the SD-455 was recertified and was released for production in late April 1973. A period-correct battery cranks the high-compression 469-cubic-inch Pontiac engine. Compression Ratio: 10.6:1 effective This is it! The 455 HO moniker was again carried over, this time as a near-exact repeat of the 1971 offering, the only changes were the carburetors (they used a conventional 750cuft/min (21m3/min) unit this year), and the head castings (casting #7F6). All Pontiac Catalina 2-Door Sedan versions offered for the year 1966 with complete specs, performance and technical data in the catalogue of cars . As a result, peak horsepower dropped from 310 to 290, though torque increased from 390 to 395lb. For the truly obsessed, 16 Grand Prixs were built with Pontiac's 421 Super Duty engines, rated at a staggering 370 bhp. 093: 66 389 GTO: 65 . This had extra-rich "DX" secondary metering rods and a remote vacuum source for the primary metering rod enrichment circuit to allow the Power Enrichment Vacuum Regulator (PEVR) to release the primary metering rods to move to the up position (enrichment) anytime during boosted conditions. "Armasteel" was a trademark of pearlitic malleable iron developed by GM's Saginaw Metal Casting Operations around 1936, which was referred to as "locking ball" cast-iron, as opposed to the "flaking" type found in other engines. The Pontiac 2+2 was promoted as the "big brother" to the iconic Pontiac GTO. A limited-slip differential and gearing up to 4:11.1 were optional. The goal of making a Pontiac Hemi succeeded but the engine was never produced. The short-deck block and different intake ports also required the design of a new intake manifold. The premier SD 421 cylinder head was the late 1962-early 1963 casting #9771980 aka "980", featuring a larger 11.3cuin (185cc) intake port volume, flowing 230cuft/min (6.5m3/min) @ 28in (710mm). "1966 Pontiac 2+2" This engine was first offered in 1967 as the top engine option in full-size Pontiacs. Also, a rumored 75 cars were built with non-Super Duty 421 engines rated at 320 bhp. The crankshafts were also unique in the fact that they featured only two counter weights instead of the usual five and also featured lightened connecting rod journals. Pontiac V8 Engine Codes and Specifications. Stock Pontiac Head Specs * During my searching for information, I found quite a few discrepancies in the sources I was viewing. . moniker from the shaker due to the disappointing public approval as the motor was not deemed to be "High Output". Special Offer on Antivirus Software From HowStuffWorks and TotalAV Security. . Unusual for a major automaker, Pontiac did not have the customary "small-block" and "big-block" engine families common to other GM divisions, Ford, and Chrysler. Lobe separation angle: 112-deg which was seen on the hood of the 1957 Daytona Grand National winning car driven by Cotton Owens. Bore/Stroke: 4.150/4.00-in Carb: (3) Rochester two-barrels PMD During 19511952, Pontiac had 23 287cuin (4.7L) V8-equipped 1953 model production prototypes running tests on the GM proving grounds. Pontiac Engine Torque Specifications. For those who may not be familiar with the equation, here it is again: Intake: 218 cfm at 0.500-in The Pontiac 389 engine was produced from 1959 to 1966, and has a 4.06" bore and 3.75" stroke. Ellingson Motorcars (877) 638-7170. Pontiac engineers tested their 269cuin (4.4L) V8 in 1949 or 1950 against an OHV Oldsmobile Rocket V8 303cuin (5.0L) downsized to 270cuin (4.4L). Preparation: Weigh, soap-and-water wash The earlier 1975-78 blocks had metal shaved from the journals and bottom end as well as a decrease in the nickel content of the block in an attempt to decrease the overall weight of the vehicle to help alleviate emissions and cost. Modified versions of this engine were extensively used in NASCAR stock car racing and drag racing competition. An HO version could be ordered in the GTO, as GM had lifted its restrictions on offering engines larger than 400cuin (6.6L) in mid-sized cars (resulting in the 454 (7.44) Chevrolet Chevelle, The 4-barrel version was available from 1978 to 1981 and the Turbo version was limited to the 1980 and 1981 model year, however, it was originally intended to be available for the 3rd generation Firebird before its cancellation by GM. This S/D retains the original "Traction Master" traction bars and two-bar spinners on the original 8 . The W72 was only available for a very short time, with the majority of 1979 model year W72 Firebirds ordered in late 1978. Ram Air induction was optionally available with the 455 HO in the Firebird Formula(standard on Trans Am), GTO (standard with "The Judge" package), and 2-door LeMans Sport when the T41 Endura Styling Option was also ordered. All 1977-1978 Trans Ams ordered with the 4-speed Borg Warner Super T-10 manual transmission received the W72 T/A 6.6 engine. Melling PN M54D with 60 psi spring, made 70 psi at 6,000 rpm with 30W oil Pontiac ignited the classic muscle car era with a stroke of marketing genius. [19], Parts for Ram Air V engines are not readily available. For 1974 another 1,001 (943 Trans Am, 58 Formula) were built, after which the SD-455 was discontinued. This new material had stronger alloys in the iron. Three two-barrel carburetors, 10.75:1 compression, 290hp (216kW) @ 5000rpm, 375lbft (508Nm) @ 2800rpm. NASCAR race cars embody the muscle car philosophy of power. Engine displacement is a function of bore and stroke. Unlike previous enlargements of Pontiac V8s, it did not replace the 389. release the 421 V8 officially to the general public and the motor would continue to be available until the end of the 1966 model year. All Pontiac V8s from 1955 to 1959 were reverse cooled, known as the "gusher" cooling system. Low-performance and two-barrel applications, the standard engine in full-sized Pontiacs, got 1.96in (49.8mm) intake and 1.66in (42.2mm) exhaust valves and pressed in rocker arm studs. Boost was wastegate limited to 91psi (0.6210.069bar). All 1980 Trans Ams received this engine as standard with the option to delete this engine choice as a credit option for the standard L37 301. Under the leadership of chief engineers Pete Estes and John DeLorean, Pontiac engine guru Malcolm "Mac" McKellar (1920-2011) and crew developed the Super Duty 389 and 421 NASCAR engines that embarrassed the Fords and Chevrolets at Daytona. It was rated at 250hp (186kW) with 8.6:1 compression and 260hp (194kW) at 10.25:1 compression. Displacement (CID) Bore (Inches) Stroke (Inches) Mains (Inches) 1955. Super Duty 421s were back, tougher than ever. First offered as an option in 1963, the 421 HO came in a 4-barrel engine of 320hp (239kW) and one Tri-Power H-O version with a hotter cam and efficient iron exhaust manifolds and rated at 370hp (276kW). Oil pan: 8-quart with extended pick-up, fabricated retention clamp cam specs out at 215/225-degrees duration at 0.050 and has just 0.407/0.407 lift with the factory 1.50:1 rockers. ENGINE. By 1963 Pontiac decided it was time to release the 421 V8 officially to the general public and the motor would continue to be available until the end of the 1966 model year. Besides a variety of displacements, the Pontiac V-8 block saw a number of other changes over the years, including starter locations, main-journal diameters, engine-mounting points, and . It was factory rated at 366hp at 5,400 RPM and 445lbs.ft. The first letter equals the month. 1966 Pontiac Catalina . The company says engines running this cam benefit from headers, cylinder-head port work, a large-cfm carb, and an ignition upgrade. For the 1967 GTO the engine was rated at 360bhp (268kW; 365PS) and had the cast-iron headers. in., again available only in the GTO and Firebird. Laconic would be one way to describe this Pontiac's eBay listing, all it states is, "1966 Pontiac Ventura, 421 Tri-Power, 4 speed Runs/ Drives Great, Very Clean - Garage Kept".OK then, now you know what I know. Pontiac engine production records report that 190 XS-code 389 engines were built during the 1966 model year. Splayed main caps, head bolts tie into main caps. All GTOs built from 1964-66 were powered by a 389-cubic-inch V-8 with 10.75:1 compression. Made with a provision for dry sump oiling, it truly was a racing engine, detuned for use in passenger cars. Valve guides: K-Line, liners In 1967, the Pontiac 2+2 became an option on the . Pontiac . Other dimensional factors such as the wheel base, curb weight and length were largely unchanged. The engines feature a cast-iron block and head and two valves per cylinder. Around January 1966 Pontiac took the next step and began offering as a factory option the XS-code engine. [8] All of these improvements provided the W72 with a power rating of 200hp (203PS; 149kW) at 3600 rpm and 325lbft (441Nm) of torque at 2400 rpm, while the standard L78 400 only produced 180hp (182PS; 134kW) at 3600 rpm and 325lbft (441Nm) of torque at 1600 rpm. in. Preparation: Wash after balance for assembly While not related to the 400 W72, the concept was the same. Detroit, however, was reluctant to relinquish its time-tested biggest-car/best-engine formula. Spiral clip By comparison, the factory 421 H.O. In 1969, Pontiac also used a revised crankshaft out of a Pearlitic malleable-iron, although it still used the "N" casting letter. By 1979, Pontiac was no longer allowed to produce the 400 engine as emissions further tightened. The 287 was an "oversquare" engine with a bore and stroke of 3+34in 3+14in (95.3mm 82.6mm), for a total displacement of 287.2cuin (4.7L). The development of this V8 dates back to 1946, when engineers began considering new engine designs for postwar cars. It was clear to most enthusiasts by 1966 that midsize models had seized the muscle car mantle. The basic package included the heavy-duty suspension, with even stiffer springs and shocks available. These muscle car profiles include photos and specifications for each model: For related car information, go to these articles: Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: the Auto Editors of Consumer Guide It also could hold its own against a range of performance cars. Rear Main Cap. A larger 4in (101.6mm) ram air flex duct to the air cleaner from the left-hand fender, specific carburettor calibration for the Rochester Quadrajet, a "T/A 4.9" callout on the shaker, 60 psi oil pump, and cam similar in grind to the 220hp (164kW) 400 from the 19781979 model year were also included. pontiac engine decoder year code c/i hp tran carb car misc 1962 13b 421 3 m 2 x 4 full super duty 1962 13u 421 4 m 2 x 4 full super duty 1962 bu 421 4 m 2 x 4 full super duty . In the 1960s the popular 389cuin (6.4L) version, which had helped establish the Pontiac GTO as a premier muscle car, was cut in half to produce an unusual, high-torque inline four economy engine, the Trophy 4. Block description: '64 421ci #157 Rod bolts or studs/head bolts or studs: ARP cap screw supplied in Howard's rods / PMDOILING SYSTEM Duration at .050: 247/252-deg Compression jumped from 11.0:1 to 12.0:1, while other tweaks increased maximum shift points by 500 rpm, to a screaming 6400 rpm. It had 2-bolt main bearing caps in 1969, but went to a block similar to the Ram Air IV's in 1969 that was drilled for 4-bolt main bearing caps (but used a cast crank and cast rods). The last was the 421 HO and included a high-output camshaft and valve train. He says the Tri-Power setup modified with the addition of the larger '66 center carb will flow 1,050 cfm. The 303 had shorter connecting rods, smaller 2.5in (64mm) journals and a solid lifter version of the Ram Air IV camshaft. Given how late in the model year it was, Pontiac decided not to incur the costs of recertifying the SD-455 for other models other than the Firebird. ENGINE TYPE Water-cooled V-8, cast iron block and head Displacement 428 in 3, 7015 cm 3 Power 390 hp @ 5200 rpm Standard in the Firebird Trans Am, it was still a rare engine. Initial advance: 18-deg [4] It was replaced by the 455 for the 1970 model year. Muscle cars wouldn't have much muscle without horsepower -- but what exactly is horsepower? Given that, it was no accident that the leader in intermediate muscle also put together the finest full-size performance machine -- the 1966 Pontiac 2+2. As Pontiac's 1967 performance brochure said, "You can add the Ram Air induction hood scoop and new high output cam and valve springs to the Quadra-Power 400 for better top end breathing." Displacement began at 287-cubic-inch (4.7L) and grew as large as 455-cubic-inch (7.5L) by 1970. The next 1 or 2 numbers represent the date, and the last number is the year. The 421 Super Duty had been the first of these, and their large bore and stoke made them popular in NHRA and NASCAR competition throughout the '60s. This was the last run for the 455 (7.5 L) motor from Pontiac, and production ceased on the 455 this year as it could no longer meet the emissions requirements any longer. The engine was available in all full-size Pontiacs. Make way for one of the baddest muscle cars of all time, the, An all-aluminum, race-proven V-8 defined the rare and wicked, The engine is what gives a muscle car its flamboyant personality. Transistorized ignition was available. This resulted in a lightweight design weighing less than the Chevrolet small-block V-8. Power output ranged from 135hp (101kW) to 170hp (127kW). 5 January 2007. Pontiac produced the 421 V8 engine from 1961 to 1968. Plans were made to produce Firebirds and GTOs with advertised ratings of 355hp (265kW) and 375hp (280kW) respectively but concerns about emissions, the response of the automobile safety lobby, and the warranty implications of a high-revving street engine led to cancellation of the program.[why? For '65, the 421-cid V-8 became a standard part of the option package, and for '66, Pontiac made the 2+2 a separate model, still based on the Catalina two-door hardtop or convertible. Fuel line size: 38-inch, 516-inch to carburetor Pontiac successfully competed against more-expensive inline four-cylinder models with their inline flathead six-cylinder engines. For the 1978 model year, Pontiac re-incorporated the earlier thicker cast cast engine block denoted by the cast number 418988 and a "XX" cast into the side of the block. Every torque specification should be in this table, however if there is one missing, please Contact Me and I will get you the spec and add it to the table. The 455 was used through 1976 when it, as with many other large displacement engines, was discontinued as manufacturers moved to smaller, more efficient models, even in their full size car lines. Beginning in 1967 casting numbers moved to the rear of the block just behind cylinder #8. The 1971 455 HO was rated at 335hp (250kW) @ 4,800rpm and 480lbft (651Nm) of torque @ 3,200rpm (gross). HOT ROD and CAR AND DRIVER) were fitted with the Ram Air IV-spec camshaft and functional hood scoops - a fact that has been confirmed by several Pontiac sources. At the end of 1976, Pontiac was no longer able to continue production of the 455 (7.5 L) V8 motor due to the tightening emissions requirements. The 421 used the same 4.120-inch bore but used the 4.0-inch crank from the 421 it replaced. Preparation: Install in rod, torque, measure ID Length: 8.750-inCAM Pontiac V8 Engine Tune-Up and Torque Specifications. More 400cuin (6.6L) engines were produced by Pontiac than the other versions - estimates range from 80 to 200 units. 1966 Pontiac Engine Data Location Of Engine Code: (Six-Cyl) - On cylinder head-to-block contact surface behind oil filter pipe. There was also the addition of dual exhaust, and for vehicles equipped with a manual transmission, a slightly more aggressive camshaft. Pontiac did not release official power ratings for this engine, saying only that it had more than 300hp (224kW). For the 1969 and 1970 model years it was the standard engine in both the Firebird Trans Am and the GTO Judge. Officially named the Quadra-Power 400 for 1967 and renamed 400 HO for 1968, the 400 HO was first offered for 1967 as the third engine in the GTO line after the automatic-only 400 2-barrel and the standard 400 4-barrel (the 400 HO would not be offered in the Firebird until the 1968 model year). Learn how Classified Ads works . At the request of Ed Cole, general manager of Chevrolet, the layout was also used by the Chevrolet V8 released in 1955, an exception to the customary GM policy of allowing a division one year of exclusive use of an internally developed advance. The 301 Turbo was unique since it had a beefier block than the 197779 versions (which carried on in the non-turbo versions in 1980 and 1981), a very mild camshaft with 0.35in (8.9mm) lift and 250 degrees gross duration, a 60psi (4.1bar) oil pump to ensure adequate oil to the oil-cooled Garrett TBO-305 Turbocharger, a rolled fillet crankshaft, a fully baffled oil pan, and a specific 800cuft/min (23m3/min) Quadrajet carburetor. The Catalina was the base intermediate-sized Pontiac resting on a 121-inch wheelbase that it shared with the Safari and the Grand Prix. A 400 cubic inch ram air equipped V8, it was an option on the 1969-70 GTO and Firebird Formula. [19] The cylinder head design is similar to the Ford FE tunnel-port head used in the GT40 and Can-Am series racing. Simply called "Ram Air" by Pontiac[17] it was the first in a series of engines available from Pontiac as regular production line options and officially called Ram Air. Royal Pontiac's engine swap wasn't a new trick for Pontiac. Using an equation the author has provided in HPP many timesmost recently with The Mule engine seriesit was revealed that around 228.6-cfm flow though the intake port of the cylinder head is required to produce the desired 470 hp. Installed position: 110-deg [citation needed]. Seat pressure: 110 pounds at 1.600-in Cougar pulled out of Mustang's shadow with the striped and spoilered 1969 Mercury Cougar Eliminator. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. 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