Among Clemsons historical treasures, Hopewell Plantation once overlooked the Seneca River now Hartwell Lake the property features the surviving 19th century home of S.C. and wife, Melanie of Concord, VA and Frances Varnes and husband, Curt of Mulberry, FL; one sister, Mary Calhoun Chesney and husband, Joe of Pensacola, FL; and four grandchildren, Ansley Varnes, Andrew Calhoun, V., Kenan Calhoun and Brock Varnes. As manager of this memorial you can add or update the memorial using the Edit button below. She was a niece of Rebecca Colhoun Pickens, wife of Andrew Pickens. 6th great-granduncle to Brad Pitt. Use the links under See more to quickly search for other people with the same last name in the same cemetery, city, county, etc. Pickens served as a political middleman between Natives and the new American nation and sympathized with Indian causes in his later years. Please ensure you have given Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser settings. Biography . Mr. Calhoun was born in Pittsburgh, PA and lived the last 57 years in New Orleans. When Pickens was a teenager, his family moved to the Waxhaws region of South Carolina. Are you sure that you want to report this flower to administrators as offensive or abusive? Andrew Pickens Calhoun died of congestive heart failure. President George Washington offered him a brigade of light troops under General Anthony Wayne to serve against the Indians in the northwest but he declined. As a legislator, Pickens worked to establish schools, churches, and a legal system for the South Carolina backcountry. On February 14, 1779, Colonel Pickens and his three-hundred man militia overtook and defeated a much larger force of 700-800 men under Colonel James Boyd at Kettle Creek in North Georgia just south of the Long Canes. Hawley, Andrew P.Calhoun, of South Carolina, to Miss Margaret M.Green, of that city. He was charged with Theft Third Degree - Exceed $500 But Not To Exceed $1,499.00. If so, login to add it. He commenced a cotton plantation known as Tulip Hill, which was expanded by the purchase of neighboring Cuba plantation. The Fort Hill plantation was auctioned at Walhalla in 1872 after lengthy legal proceedings. Born in Selma, AL, March 14,. I thought you might like to see a memorial for Andrew Pickens Calhoun I found on Findagrave.com. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. He is the son of James Calhoun and Susan Pickens.. Sources Census . Resend Activation Email. Cowpens National Battlefield, Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie National Historical Park, Ninety Six National Historic Site, Download the official NPS app before your next visit. In May 1781, General Nathanael Greene sent Pickens and Colonel Henry Light Horse Harry Lee to support Elijah Clarke in operations against Augusta, Georgia. Andrew Pickens1779-1838 Married, Edgefield Co., SC, toSusannah Smith Wilkinsonca 1788-ca 1810 with : Francis Wilkinson Pickens, Gov.1805-1869 Jane Calhounca 1749- WithJohn Steadmanca 1745-ca 1795 John Ewing Colhoun, Sen.1749-1802 Married 8 October 1786, Charleston, SC, toFloride Bonneauca 1755-ca 1836 with John Ewing Colhounca 1791-ca 1847 Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Andrew Calhoun (13163683)? You have chosen this person to be their own family member. She held a mortgage over the property. Oops, we were unable to send the email. Oops, something didn't work. Try again. Try again later. The CAlhoun Family of South Carolina by A. S. Salley, Jr., published around 1906, This Andrew is the son of Andrew Pickens Calhoun (1811-1865) and Margaret Green Calhoun. Failed to delete memorial. Within the next eighteen years, she gave birth to 10 children, five daughters, of whom three died in infancy, and five sons. 15 miles from agency) *McIntosh (at Tombeebe) *Brashears (at Luckenatcha and Suckenatcha) *Buckles (at Suckenatcha) *Johnson (land "belongs to Alexander Vaughn in Laflore's line") In 1764, Pickens and his brother sold their farm in the Waxhaws and bought land in the Long Cane Creek settlements in Abbeville County in southwestern South Carolina near the Georgia border. [2], According to historian Daniel Howe, the revolt against Eaton and the president led by Floride Calhoun influenced the emergence of feminism. Pickens also emerged as a military leader. Pickens convinced Morgan to make a stand rather than continually retreating from British Colonel Banastre Tarleton. nna Maria Clemson (born Calhoun), Elizabeth Calhoun, Patrick Calhoun, John Caldwell Calhoun, Martha Cornelia Calhoun, James Edward Calhou Oct 15 1811 - Abbeville, South Carolina, United States, Vice Pres John Caldwell Calhoun, Sr, Floride Bonneau Calhoun (born Colhoun), Oct 15 1811 - Beckhamville, Chester, South Carolina, United States, Mar 16 1865 - Pasadena, Los Angeles County, California, USA, Vice Pres John Caldwell Calhoun, Calhoun, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States of America, Demopolis, Marengo County, Alabama, United States, Pickens County, South Carolina, United States of America, Woodland Cemetery, Clemson, Pickens, South Carolina, United States, John C. Calhoun, 7th Vice President of the USA. Oops, something didn't work. You can customize the cemeteries you volunteer for by selecting or deselecting below. John Caldwell Calhoun son Eugenia Calhoun wife Eugene Chappell Calhoun son John C. Calhoun, 7th Vice Presid. Her fourth child, Anna Maria, married Thomas Green Clemson, founder of Clemson University in South Carolina. Are you sure that you want to delete this photo? In 1817, she accompanied her husband to Washington upon his appointment as Secretary of War in the Cabinet of President James Monroe. He attended The Taft School and The Wharton School of Business. Terms of Use | Howe notes that this was the feminist spirit that in the next decade shaped the women's rights movement. The Treaty Oak that stood witness to these three Hopewell Treaties survived into the early 20th century, before being lost to a storm. Nancy Ann Davis. Try again later. We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. However, Sumter instead moved to Fort Granby, allowing Rawdon to make his way to Ninety-Six. The enslavement of African Americans continued at Hopewell during the ownership of the Reese-Cherry family until Emancipation. At the Battle of Cowpens (January 17, 1781), General Daniel Morgan gave Pickens command a large body of militia. There are no volunteers for this cemetery. He was the eldest child of US Vice President John Caldwell Calhoun and Floride Bonneau Colhoun Calhoun, and named after Revolutionary War hero General Andrew Pickens, his maternal uncle by marriage. For memorials with more than one photo, additional photos will appear here or on the photos tab. Husband of Margaret Maria Calhoun and Eugenia Calhoun The sponsor of a memorial may add an additional. Sorry! We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. Andrew Pickens Calhoun died of congestive heart failure. He was a successful farmer and was serving as a justice of the peace as the war began. Andrew Calhoun Pickens was born on month day 1846, at birth place, South Carolina, to Thomas Jones Pickens, Sr.. Thomas was born on April 26 1808, in St. Thomas Parish, Charleston, Charleston District, South Carolina, United States. "Kentucky Explorer" Volume 32, Number 10, April 2018, page 66 "Colonial Families of the Southern States of America" by Stella Pickett Hardey. cemeteries found within miles of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. Andrew Pickens (September 13, 1739 - August 11, 1817) was a militia leader in the American Revolution and a member of the United States House of Representatives from South Carolina. Hopewell Plantation is representative of a rural house type, which was common in the 19th century in the South Carolina backcountry. On March 19, 1765 he married Rebecca Calhoun (1745-1814), the aunt of John C. Calhoun, and began a family. After his marriage to Margaret, he began purchasing land in Marengo County, Alabama. Failed to report flower. and wife, Melanie of Concord, VA and Frances Varnes and husband, Curt of Mulberry, FL; one sister, Mary Calhoun Chesney and husband, Joe of Pensacola, FL; and four grandchildren, Ansley Varnes, Andrew Calhoun, V., Kenan Calhoun and Brock Varnes. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/13163683/andrew-pickens-calhoun. Militia officer during the American Revolution. Have you taken a DNA test? Andrew Pickens was born in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, on September 19, 1739. In 1854, she sold the plantation to her oldest son, Andrew Pickens Calhoun, and held the mortgage. We are sad to announce that on July 23, 2022 we had to say goodbye to Andrew Pickens Calhoun III of Concord, Virginia, born in Selma, Alabama. Your account has been locked for 30 minutes due to too many failed sign in attempts. ANDREW DANIEL FLOWERS was booked on 3/3/2023 in Jefferson County, Alabama. This account has been disabled. GREAT NEWS! Andrew Pickens, a famous patriot militia officer of the American Revolution, was born in Pennsylvania on September 19, 1739, the son of Andrew Pickens and Ann Davis. If you have questions, please contact [emailprotected]. He attended Rhode Island College (later Brown University), graduating in 1801. If you have questions, please contact [emailprotected]. Failed to remove flower. The executor of her estate won the auction, which was divided among her surviving heirs. ~ ~ ~ American Plantation Owner. 864-656-3311, Bringing the Past to Life Join Clemsons Tradition of Giving Consider a Year-End Gift. John C Calhoun, Andrew Pickens Calhoun, Eugenia Chappell Calhoun, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Calhoun, http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&ved=2ahUKEwiU6JO-qefiAhWGT98KHfCnDqsQFjACegQICBAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffairfieldgenealogysociety.org%2FMembers_Only%2FPDF%2FBooks%2FChappell%2520Family%2520in%2520Early%2520South%2520Carolina.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3PTej246NQedfHLku9xpiC, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/13163683/andrew-pickens-calhoun, This person is a descendant of a US President/Vice President. This browser does not support getting your location. He attended The Taft School and The Wharton School of Business. By 1809, General Pickens, his wife Rebecca Calhoun and younger children left Hopewell Plantation for the Red House in Tamassee, Andrew Pickens, Jr. assumed control of the property. There was an error deleting this problem. The family will receive friends at the church from noon until time of the service. Rebecca Floride Calhoun was born on November 18, 1745, at Long Canes Creek, Abbeville, South Carolina. In 1854,he purchased Fort Hill plantation at Clemson, South Carolina from his mother Floride Calhoun. Use the links under See more to quickly search for other people with the same last name in the same cemetery, city, county, etc. To add a flower, click the Leave a Flower button. Oops, some error occurred while uploading your photo(s). The sponsor of a memorial may add an additional. Let the family know you are thinking of them. Weve updated the security on the site. He initially served as a militia company commander for Ninety Six District and campaigned against loyalists in late 1775. Reset Close . He served in the United States Army. Please reset your password. Privacy | This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. 7th Vice President of the United States, 16th United States Secretary of State, 10th United States Secretary of War, Born on March 18, 1782 Burial will follow in the church cemetery. He married his cousin, Eugenia Chappell, and after her death, he married Margaret Green on May 5, 1836. You may not upload any more photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 20 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 5 photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 30 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 15 photos to this memorial. Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. . Following the surrender of Augusta, Pickens and Lt. Pickens participated in the Battle of Eutaw Springs, South Carolina (September 8, 1781), where he was wounded. They were the parents of at least 10 sons and 10 daughters. He was a longtime member of Willow Oak Baptist Church in Mulberry, FL, and had been attending Living Word Baptist Church in Forest, VA. Andrew was a drag line mechanic with Mosaic Company formally with International Minerals and Chemicals. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. Please enter your email and password to sign in. General Andrew Pickens. Learn more about managing a memorial . Colonial Block House Marker 3800 Calhoun Memorial Highway, Easley, SC 29640. Filter Results 996 Results. The email does not appear to be a valid email address. discoveries. in Washington, D.C., USA, This form allows you to report an error or to submit additional information about this family tree: John C. CALHOUN (1782), Copyright Wikipdia authors - This article is under licence CC BY-SA 3.0. She is best known for her leading role in the Petticoat affair, which occurred during her husband's service as vice president of the United States. The following year, he and Benjamin Hawkins surveyed most of the southern boundary line between the United States and the Indian nations. . Share this memorial using social media sites or email. He is survived by two children, Andrew P. Calhoun, IV. Pickens was soon operating in the Ninety Six District. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. Connect to 5,000+ Calhoun profiles on Geni, 1811 - Pendleton, South Carolina, United States, 1865 - Pendleton, South Carolina, United States, Calhoun, Ana Marie Calhoun, Elizabeth Calhoun, Patrick Calhoun, John Calhoun, Martha Cornelia Calhoun, James Calhoun, Willam Lowndes Calhoun, Oct 15 1811 - Aiken County, South Carolina, United States of America, Mar 16 1865 - Pickens County, South Carolina, United States of America, John Caldwell Calhoun, Floride Bonneau Calhoun, Anna Maria Clemson, Elizabeth Calhoun, Patrick Calhoun, John Caldwell Calhoun, Martha Cornelia Calhoun, William Lowndes Calhoun, Oct 15 1811 - Charleston, South Carolina, United States, Mar 16 1865 - South Carolina, United States, Circa 1815 - Beckhamville, Chester Co., SC, Unknown Calhoun, Anna Maria Calhoun, Patrick Calhoun, John Caldwell Calhoun, Martha Cornelia Calhoun, James Calhoun, William L. Calhoun, John Caldwell Calhoun, Floride Bonneau Calhoun (born Colhoun), Clemson (born Calhoun), Elizabeth Calhoun, Patrick Calhoun, John B. Calhoun, Cornelia Calhoun, James Edward Calhoun, William Lowndes Calhoun, Oct 15 1811 - Aiken County, South Carolina, USA, Mar 16 1865 - Pickens County, South Carolina, USA, Anna Maria Calhoun Clemson, Elizabeth Calhoun, Patrick Calhoun, John Caldwell Calhoun, Martha Cornelia Calhoun, William Lowndes Calhoun, Vice Pres John Caldwell Calhoun, Sr, Floride Bonneau Calhoun, Sr (born Calhoun Colhoun), Anna Maria Calhoun Clemson (born Calhoun), John Caldwell Calhoun, Ii, Martha Cornelia Calhoun, James Edward Calhoun, William Lowndes Calhoun, Vice Pres. Sorry! Notes for Gen. Andrew Pickens: 2008 - 2023 INTERESTING.COM, INC. During her tenure as Second Lady, she took the lead in a social war against Peggy Eaton, the wife of Secretary of War John Eaton, in what became known as the Petticoat affair. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. He served in the United States Army. Are you adding a grave photo that will fulfill this request? He attended The Taft School and The Wharton School of Business. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. The decades of negotiations General Andrew Pickens made with the Cherokees, Choctaws, Chickasaws, Creeks and Chickamaugas were monumental in peaceful treaties and cohabitation with Native-Americans following the Revolution. Clemson University Include gps location with grave photos where possible. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. Pickens was commissioned major general of the South Carolina militia in 1795. You can always change this later in your Account settings. Try again later. Search above to list available cemeteries. Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. Hero of American Revolutionary War. As the American Revolution approached, feelings were strong in the South from the start, its inhabitants split between Patriots and Loyalists (or Whigs: Patriots and Tories: British supporters). The affair helped damage relations between John C. Calhoun and President Andrew Jackson, and effectively ended any legitimate chance of Calhoun becoming president of the United States. Pickens served two more terms in the General Assembly from 1796 to 1799, representing Pendleton District. Built about 1785, it is representative of a rural house in the late 18th and early 19th century in the South Carolina backcountry. By 1778, he had attained the rank of colonel of the Upper Ninety Six Regiment and had participated in expeditions against the British-allied Cherokees and in the unsuccessful American invasion of British East Florida. She was the daughter of Ezekiel and Jane Ewing Calhoun. Login to find your connection. Before being elected to the presidency, St. Philip's Episcopal Church (Charleston, South Carolina) Andrew Pickens Calhoun, Jr. passed away peacefully surrounded by his family on September 12, 2016 at the age of 82. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. After the hostilities, he moved to the Long Canes area of western South Carolina and married Rebecca Calhoun on March 19, 1765. Hopewell Plantation After the Revolutionary War, Pickens acquired land in frontier South Carolina on the banks of the Keowee River, across from the old Cherokee town of Isunigu (Seneca). This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. Pickens and his actions served as one of the sources for the fictional character of Benjamin Martin in The Patriot, a motion picture released in 2000. Pickens parole did not last, however. This is a carousel with slides. or don't show this againI am good at figuring things out. SOURCES NPS.GOV: Andrew Pickens Wikipedia: Andrew Pickens Patriot Milita General Andrew Pickens. father Floride Bonneau Calhoun mother Floride Rebecca Calhoun sister Provider Type . By 1809, General Pickens, his wife Rebecca Calhoun and younger children left Hopewell Plantation for the Red House in Tamassee, Andrew Pickens, Jr. assumed control of the property. No animated GIFs, photos with additional graphics (borders, embellishments. Andrew Pickens Calhoun, III, of Concord, VA, passed away Saturday, July 23, 2022, at his residence. Andrew Pickens Calhoun, III, of Concord, VA, passed away Saturday, July 23, 2022, at his residence. Close this window, and upload the photo(s) again. Add to your scrapbook. There was an error deleting this problem. Afterward, Pickens was named a brigadier general by Governor John Rutledge and cooperated with General Nathanael Greene's Continental Army as they targeted and captured isolated British posts in the South Carolina interior. Andrew Pickens is the namesake for the mountain district of the Sumter National Forest in the northwest corner of South Carolina. Username and password are case sensitive. 0 cemeteries found in Clemson, Pickens County, South Carolina, USA. Mr. Calhoun was born in Pittsburgh, PA and lived the last 57 years in New. How do we create a person's profile? Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. Share this memorial using social media sites or email. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. On the evening of January 16, Morgan personally instructed the militia to hold its ground while firing two rounds and then retreat. During the American Revolution, Pickens became one of the most significant leaders of patriot forces in the South Carolina backcountry. British General Charles Cornwallis routed Patriot General Horatio Gates at the Battle of Camden on August 16, 1780. Thanks for your help! A funeral service will be held 1 p.m., Sunday, July 31, 2022, at Willow Oak Baptist Church, Mulberry, FL, with Jack Tinky Parrish officiating. Soon after their marriage, her husband was elected to Congress, leaving his wife in charge of his plantation, Fort Hill, in present-day Clemson, South Carolina. Admin. Andrew Pickens also died at Tomassee on August 17, 1817, at the age of seventy-eight. He renounced protection, however, when the British failed to prevent a loyalist band from plundering his plantation. Close this window, and upload the photo(s) again. Rebecca Calhoun married Andrew Pickens on March 19, 1765; they would have 12 children. There is a problem with your email/password. Slaves of Andrew Pickens Calhoun, South Carolina, Linked to: Space:Slaves_of_Andrew_Pickens_Calhoun%2C_South_Carolina. Please try again later. Your new password must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and one or more numbers or special characters. Family and friends can send flowers and/or light a candle as a loving gesture for their loved one. Pickens, as many of his Scots-Irish neighbors, was an ardent Patriot. We have set your language to Leave a sympathy message to the family in the guestbook on this . Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? The couple had twelve children. He retired to his plantation, Tamassee, in 1805, coming out only briefly in 1812 when elected to a final term in the General Assembly to prepare South Carolina for war. He lived in Pickens, Pickens, South Carolina, United States in 1850 and Charleston, South Carolina, United States in 1884. Previously sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not have this option. Are you adding a grave photo that will fulfill this request? Andrew Pickens Calhoun in MyHeritage family trees (Thompson/Loskoski Web Site) view all 16 Immediate Family Margaret Maria Calhoun wife Patrick Calhoun son Capt. Rebecca Floride Pickens (Calhoun)m. 1765 Andrew Pickens/Spouse What was Andrew Pickens role in the Revolutionary War? Floride Calhoun died on July 25, 1866, and was buried in St. Paul's Episcopal Church Cemetery in Pendleton, South Carolina, near her children, but separate from her husband who is buried at St. Philip's Episcopal Church Cemetery in Charleston. in Abbeville, South Carolina, USA , United States, Died on March 31, 1850 African-Americans were a vital force in the operation and economy of Fort Hill, the home of John C. and Floride Calhoun from 1825 to 1850, Andrew Pickens and Margaret Green Calhoun from 1851 to 1871, and Thomas Green and Anna Clemson from 1872 to 1888. Geni requires JavaScript! An able commander of South Carolina rebel militia during the American Revolution, Pickens was born near Paxtang, Pennsylvania, of Scots Irish immigrants. Name: A T Calhoun Event Type: Census Event Year: 1850 Event Place: Dallas county, Dallas, Alabama, United States Gender: Male Age: 11 Race: White Race (Original): Birth Year (Estimated): 1839 Birthplace: Alabama Household ID: House Number: 307 Line Number: 21 Affiliate Name: The U.S . Mr. Calhoun was born in Pittsburgh, PA and lived the last 57 years in New Orleans. | pilgrim & historical tours in the holy land and beyond His father had joined the Scotch Irish immigration from County Donegal to the backcountry of South Carolina. Try again later. Failed to delete memorial. Together they had 12 children. Historian John F. Marszalek explains why Washington society found Eaton unacceptable: President Jackson was opposed by Vice President Calhoun and most of his own cabinet. Try again. He was named for Revolutionary War hero General Andrew Pickens, his maternal uncle by marriage. Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? According to 800 Years of Calhouns, at the age of 15, during the Long Canes Massacre, Rebecca hid for three days in the long canes to escape the Cherokee who killed her grandmother, Catherine Montgomery Calhoun, on February 1, 1760. Year should not be greater than current year. Pickens settled down to become a farmer, marry and raise a family. You are nearing the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave. ). Your Scrapbook is currently empty. In the Cherokee War of 1760-61, Pickens served as an officer in a provincial regiment that accompanied British Colonel James Grant against Lower Cherokee settlements. Born in Selma, AL, March 14, 1940, he was a son of the late Frances Moore Calhoun and Andrew P. Calhoun, Jr. The family will receive friends from 7 until 8:30 p.m., Wednesday, July 27, 2022, at Robinson Funeral Home, Appomattox, VA. Those wishing to make memorial contributions please consider, St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 501 St. Jude Place, Memphis, TN 38105 or Julies Heart Cry, PO Box 4691, Lynchburg, VA 24502 or at www.juliesheartcry.org/donate. Learn more about merges. The aristocratic wives of European diplomats in Washington shrugged the matter off; they had their own national interests to uphold.[3]. During Gen. Pickens residency, he enlarged his land holdings, and Hopewell Plantation developed into one of the largest antebellum plantations in Pendleton District. General Andrew Pickens. On the morning of January 17, Pickens and the militia carried out the plan perfectly, which led Tarleton to believe that the militia was fleeing. Thanks for your help! In 1782, Pickens was elected to represent the Ninety Six District in the South Carolina Legislature, serving there until 1793, when he went to Congress for one term. IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. Try again later. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. Calhoun was the fourth child of Patrick Calhoun and his wife Martha Caldwell in Abbeville District, SC. He was the eldest child of US Vice President John Caldwell Calhoun and Floride Bonneau Colhoun Calhoun, and named after Revolutionary War hero General Andrew Pickens, his maternal uncle by marriage. James Martin Calhoun, married Susan Pickens and had Susan Wilkison Calhoun ( who married Alexander Noble, a descendant of Catherine Calhoun who.